The major royal jelly protein 2 (mrjp2) gene is one of the molecular markers that can discriminate between Apis cerana Fabricius and A.mellifera Linnaeus.Due to the lack of mrjp2 gene sequences registered in GenBank for Indonesian A.cerana and A.mellifera, DNA characterization and bioinformatics analysis were needed.This research aimed to character
In social bees, the choice of food sources is based on several factors, including scent marks, color, and location of flowers.Here, we used similar setups, in which two stingless bee species, Melipona subnitida and Plebeia flavocincta, and the Western honeybee, Apis mellifera, were tested regarding the importance of chemical cues, color cues, and l
Downy mildew (DM), caused by P.cubensis, is harmful to cucurbits including luffa, with increased shortcomings associated with its control through cultural practices, chemical fungicides, and resistant cultivars; there is a prompt need for an effective, eco-friendly, economical, and safe biocontrol approach.Current research is therefore dealt with t